Breaching Mass. Ave.
Gentrification that touched the east side of Boston's South End is finally expanding across an imaginary dividing line towards a once neglected neighborhood.
By Matt Viser, Globe Staff | January 14, 2007
When he renovated his soul food institution Bob the Chef's, Darryl Settles made one other change to the restaurant that also spoke volumes about changes in that portion of Boston's South End: he renamed it Bob's Southern Bistro.
"Our clientele has changed, and I'm not saying that's good or bad," said Settles . "But when a concierge says 'Bob the Chef's,' it sounds like a small place that's not very trendy. If they say 'Bob's Southern Bistro,' it has a different meaning."
The Columbus Avenue restaurant is on the "other" side of Massachusetts Avenue, a gritty neighborhood that until recently had escaped the forces of gentrification that have made the main part of the South End one of the most stylish -- and expensive -- sections of the city.
It used to be that Massachusetts Avenue acted as a dividing line. But now developers are breaching the bulwark, chasing opportunities in the neighborhood's cheaper -- and more rundown -- real estate, laying foundations for upscale projects in the direction of nearby Dudley Square.
The trend is causing subtle shifts, both physical and cultural. Sidewalks are cleaner, some buildings painted in softer colors. But some of the old haunts that give the neighborhood its character, as well as some of the residents themselves, may not last once condos start to sell for nearly $1 million.
"Eventually that liquor store and that club over there, they will close down and they'll become a Starbucks," said Shawn Johnson , 37, a lifelong resident of the South End. "It's this slow creeping process that doesn't really dawn on you. But everything is changing, and a lot of white people are going to be coming in to work in the financial district."
At the Modern, the neighborhood's newest development, one of the prospective buyers is planning to move there from Atelier 505, one of the priciest buildings in the city, located at the other extreme of the South End. Also, Northeastern University has renovated or rebuilt several blocks of buildings, and has plans to continue it s expansion. Some apartments in the area are now being rented for several thousand dollars a month.
Settles too is taking part in the change. The restaurateur, along with several partners, is planning a 30-unit development along Massachusetts Avenue near Boston Medical Center, on a spot that has been called the "Missing Tooth of the South End," because for at least 20 years the empty property there was a gap between two buildings.
"This whole neighborhood has changed," Settles said. "It's like night and day."
The Modern is on Northampton Street, sandwiched between a parking garage and a Sunoco gas station. The units, complete with marble countertops and stainless steel refrigerators, were designed by the Duffy Design Group, which also designed Manny Ramirez's penthouse at the former Ritz-Carlton.
The first phase of the development, 25 units, will be completed in a few months. So far, nearly half have sold at prices ranging from $399,000 to $899,000. A second phase, to be built on what is now a car lot, will add 37 more units by next year.
"One of the ways we approach development is we look for overlooked neighborhoods, those that have all the ingredients for success but have been overlooked," said David Goldman , principal at New Boston Ventures, which is developing the project.
He, like others coming to the area, sees promise in the location: blocks to Symphony Hall and the Museum of Fine Arts, and the Orange and Silver lines.
"This is a little block in the South End where everything in every direction is being revitalized and coming back to life," Goldman said. "It doesn't matter what direction you look, it's happening."
Elsewhere the Fallon Co. has plans for a $100 million development further up Northampton St. with 265 housing units, 36 of which will be reserved for affordable home ownership.
The South End was once a center for Boston's African-America community, where Martin Luther King Jr. dined and smoky clubs were a regular stop on the nation's jazz circuit.
But the 1960s and 1970s saw intense tension in parts of the South End, as poor minority residents clashed with new, largely white middle-class homeowners. The battle was centered around Rutland Square and West Newton and West Brookline streets. Many of those wounds have healed, and the neighborhood has largely kept its reputation as an area of economic and racial diversity.
It was one of the few neighborhoods in the city that gained population, according to the most recent US Census, and one of the few where the number of white residents increased, according to a 2006 city report that looked at neighborhood changes between 1990 and 2000.
During that time, the white population increased by 19 percent to make up nearly half of the neighborhood, while the African-American population shrank by 22 percent, and is now just 15 percent of the neighborhood. The Asian and Latino populations stayed about the same.
It's also gotten expensive. Condominium prices in the South End doubled between 1999 and 2005, to $591 per square foot, according to figures compiled by Joe Wolvek at Coldwell Banker Residential Brokerage. Median condo prices are $463,000 after being as high as $550,000 in 2004.
Kirk A. Sykes , president of Urban Strategy America Fund, is helping develop Crosstown Center, a complex further down Mass. Ave. and along Melnea Cass Boulevard where Roxbury, Lower Roxbury, and the South End meet.
The project includes a 175-room Hampton Inn & Suites hotel and several retail stores, as well as a separate 200,000-square-foot building, opening in November that will serve medical uses.
Sykes said he has been conscientious of the types of businesses going into the space, and when they have been national chains -- such as Dunkin' Donuts or Quizno s Subs -- he's made sure that the franchisee is a minority.
"We're always very sensitive to not try to tilt the neighborhood," he said. "It's trying to strike a balance. People want change, but they want it to not be at the exclusion of having people remain. It's a tough thing."
Some real estate agents said the diversity is what makes the area so appealing; recently young professionals and empty nesters have begun to move in. The result is a greater number of higher-income residents.
"The ripple effect is that once you fill in these gaps and start densifying the neighborhood, the infrastructure changes," said John Neale , a real estate agent and historian for the South End Historical Society. "You're seeing a shift over from a furniture rental store to a place where you can go get a cup of coffee. It's places that are going to be more appealing to people walking by in a denser environment."
Neale recoiled at the word gentrification. While more people are moving to the neighborhood, he said it's not pushing out existing residents, in large part because some of the new developments include units designated as affordable housing. He said the South End has a higher percentage of affordable housing in one square mile than anywhere else in New England.
"Does everybody have a mixed-income group of best friends? Probably not," he said. "People stick with those that are like them, and that goes for any neighborhood. You'll never have perfect mixing. There's familiarities and hellos, and there is mixing. But it's never a perfect blend."
Matt Viser can be reached at
maviser@globe.com
? Copyright 2007 Globe Newspaper Company.