Commuter Rail to New Hampshire?

Something I've just been think about since the Capitol Corridor project is one of the issues that seems to be coming up a good amount in the upcoming elections, how far should it go. An extension of the Lowell Line probably makes sense, but how far is too far? Nashua? Manchester? Concord?
 
Something I've just been think about since the Capitol Corridor project is one of the issues that seems to be coming up a good amount in the upcoming elections, how far should it go. An extension of the Lowell Line probably makes sense, but how far is too far? Nashua? Manchester? Concord?
Transit Matters put out a report last year, Modernizing the Lowell Line, which included looking at that extension. They put the extension to Manchester, but they didn't really consider Concord, which is a little frustrating. I mean, Concord is a lot smaller, and so that might be a perfectly reasonable cut off point, but I do wish TM would show their work on some these things a bit more.

Despite my nitpicking (and some other criticisms starting here), the report is well worth a read

NHDOT has done a few more thorough studies. I think Manchester would be the end point of the any initial expansion, but they priced out an extension to Concord, too, at least in the 2014 study if you want to see the details

I don't follow NH politics much. Is this really becoming a campaign issue? That's great! Or... could turn out bad. Either way, exciting
 
Transit Matters put out a report last year, Modernizing the Lowell Line, which included looking at that extension. They put the extension to Manchester, but they didn't really consider Concord, which is a little frustrating. I mean, Concord is a lot smaller, and so that might be a perfectly reasonable cut off point, but I do wish TM would show their work on some these things a bit more.

Despite my nitpicking (and some other criticisms starting here), the report is well worth a read

NHDOT has done a few more thorough studies. I think Manchester would be the end point of the any initial expansion, but they priced out an extension to Concord, too, at least in the 2014 study if you want to see the details

I don't follow NH politics much. Is this really becoming a campaign issue? That's great! Or... could turn out bad. Either way, exciting
My understanding is that since the leading Dem candidate, Joyce Craig, is the current mayor of Manchester (And originally from there), she's naturally quite keen on bringing CR to Manchester, and I'd expect more top-down pressure if she wins.
 
Transit Matters put out a report last year, Modernizing the Lowell Line, which included looking at that extension. They put the extension to Manchester, but they didn't really consider Concord, which is a little frustrating. I mean, Concord is a lot smaller, and so that might be a perfectly reasonable cut off point, but I do wish TM would show their work on some these things a bit more.

Despite my nitpicking (and some other criticisms starting here), the report is well worth a read

NHDOT has done a few more thorough studies. I think Manchester would be the end point of the any initial expansion, but they priced out an extension to Concord, too, at least in the 2014 study if you want to see the details

I don't follow NH politics much. Is this really becoming a campaign issue? That's great! Or... could turn out bad. Either way, exciting
The Concord study split the services, with 30 trains originating/terminating at Nashua and only 8 continuing on to Manchester + Concord. With the Concord runs running express in MA stopping only at Anderson-Woburn and Lowell then turning local in NH in order to speed up their run times (about 1:45). Left Manchester a bit short on service with the limited schedules, so the Manchester full-serve terminating option probably works better. There's probably still a market for the Concord super-expresses, though. But that would lean a bit heavier on NHDOT subsidy since so many stops in MA would be skipped. That's definitely something they need to sort out for themselves.
 
The report on Modernizing the Lowell Line linked above by ritchiew is informative and an easy read. It seems like there is a good deal of work on the Massachusetts side, raising platforms and so forth, that would be worth doing even without a buy-in from New Hampshire. The employment density seems to justify extending the line up to Willow Springs as a start. Is there a willingness for Massachusetts to take on a limited project or is the proposal all or nothing?
 
The report on Modernizing the Lowell Line linked above by ritchiew is informative and an easy read. It seems like there is a good deal of work on the Massachusetts side, raising platforms and so forth, that would be worth doing even without a buy-in from New Hampshire. The employment density seems to justify extending the line up to Willow Springs as a start. Is there a willingness for Massachusetts to take on a limited project or is the proposal all or nothing?
The problem is that the Lowell Line lacks a layover yard. They have nowhere to stuff consists for headway corrections or crew changes except for long layovers on the Lowell platform, and start-of-day/end-of-day + shift changes require a deadheading move back to Boston Engine Terminal in Somerville. Lowell has the highest quantity of deadheading 'waste miles' by far of any line on the Commuter Rail, and it's only somewhat manageable because the line is only 25 miles long (shorter than all except Fairmount, Needham, and Stoughton). So they can't reliably extend the line without fitting in a layover yard. And all of the feasible sites for a layover are in New Hampshire, not Massachusetts, because of the way the NH Mainline stays bolted to the banks of the Merrimack (and wetlands therein) literally the whole way to the state line after leaving Downtown Lowell. If layovers and lack of MA land for them weren't the constraint, the line probably would've already been extended to State Line/Pheasant Lane Mall long ago.
 
The problem is that the Lowell Line lacks a layover yard. They have nowhere to stuff consists for headway corrections or crew changes except for long layovers on the Lowell platform, and start-of-day/end-of-day + shift changes require a deadheading move back to Boston Engine Terminal in Somerville. Lowell has the highest quantity of deadheading 'waste miles' by far of any line on the Commuter Rail, and it's only somewhat manageable because the line is only 25 miles long (shorter than all except Fairmount, Needham, and Stoughton). So they can't reliably extend the line without fitting in a layover yard. And all of the feasible sites for a layover are in New Hampshire, not Massachusetts, because of the way the NH Mainline stays bolted to the banks of the Merrimack (and wetlands therein) literally the whole way to the state line after leaving Downtown Lowell. If layovers and lack of MA land for them weren't the constraint, the line probably would've already been extended to State Line/Pheasant Lane Mall long ago.
There is 8.5 miles of single track between Stony Brook and Nashua. A Nashua only run could be relatively cheap, as track upgrades and some bridge rebuild would be needed, but that 30 min service would not unduly tax the capacity. Signal upgrades will probably cost more. Three simple single platforms should even be within NHs budget. Manchester is a heavier lift
 
This isn't directly related to the potential NH Commuter Rail extension, but I'm posting it here to compare the two projects. NH has no problem spending nearly $400M on a 5-mile highway widening project, but a Commuter Rail extension is apparently "too expensive".

One possibility that isn’t mentioned on the website plan is building a separate pedestrian bridge over the Merrimack River to better connect the two halves of Concord, something that city officials have brought up.
A new pedestrian bridge would be a welcome change.
 
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This isn't directly related to the potential NH Commuter Rail extension, but I'm posting it here to compare the two projects. NH has no problem spending nearly $400M on a 5-mile highway widening project, but a Commuter Rail extension is apparently "too expensive".


A new pedestrian bridge would be a welcome change.
During one of the public feedback sessions people commented that the highway creates a barrier between downtown Concord and the Merrimack River. There was discussion of how to use the opportunity of this highway project to create greater public access to the river.

Someone suggested that a pedestrian walkway should be built over the highway to a riverside park or some other public draw. The problem is that there's not a great deal of land between the highway and the river to add a lane and a park. With all the trucks rushing by it wouldn't be a very enjoyable place to enjoy the riverside.

At a subsequent meeting the design team returned with a slide depicting a catwalk that crossed over a shopping center, the railroad track, the highway, and the river. While people were chatting about how wonderful it would be, they seemed to miss that this slide was meant to show something that could be done some day, but was not part of the proposed highway expansion.
 
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I think we all here know that the financial objections over commuter rail to NH is a red herring. "Trains are socialist"; "we don't want the countryside subsidizing a city train"; etc., etc., on and on.

NH conservatives/libertarians/whateveryouwanttocallthems are so far up their own behinds about why and how the state exists in its current form--that is to say, mostly because MA has been underbuilding housing for decades, and the interstate highway system continues to get a blank check from basically every level of American government, and Boston being where it is in relation to the state means there's always been tons of unmet housing demand in the region--that I don't expect commuter rail in the state to exist in my lifetime, even though I've probably got 30-40 years left.

We just don't live in that rational of a world.
 
If NHDOT decided to create/boost a rail and transit division arm or identify a willing-and-able transit agency in-state to operate a rail transit service (i.e. Manchester Transit Authority), they could technically fund Capitol Corridor relatively quickly if they implemented a funding mechanism called "Flex to FTA". Ultimately, NH and other states are flush with National Highway Performance Program (NHPP) funds relative to how much highway funding apportionment they receive for other project types. NHPP is generally used to construct/maintain bridges and to maintain interstate and non-interstate pavement. It can also be used to increase highway capacity (i.e. lane-widening).

FHWA allows a state to transfer up to 50% of their federal fiscal year apportionment of NHPP to other highway funding categories. MA does this with its Congestion Mitigation & Air Quality (CMAQ) program, where we might receive $70M in a federal fiscal year, but have $90M-worth of CMAQ projects deliverable. NH currently flexes I think 25% of their CMAQ funding to FTA for NH Regional Transit Authorities to have supplemental funding for capital purchases (i.e. bus replacements, facility upgrades, etc.). I believe that if NHDOT decided to prioritize rail transit investment, it could be funded with a combination of existing formula transit funding, some discretionary grant funding that lead RTA/rail operator would receive, and through the transfer of formula FHWA funds to FTA program.

Mind you more planning still needs to take place and a project is still years away, but funding should not be a barrier to implementing the Capitol Corridor in NH.
 
If NHDOT decided to create/boost a rail and transit division arm or identify a willing-and-able transit agency in-state to operate a rail transit service (i.e. Manchester Transit Authority), they could technically fund Capitol Corridor relatively quickly if they implemented a funding mechanism called "Flex to FTA". Ultimately, NH and other states are flush with National Highway Performance Program (NHPP) funds relative to how much highway funding apportionment they receive for other project types. NHPP is generally used to construct/maintain bridges and to maintain interstate and non-interstate pavement. It can also be used to increase highway capacity (i.e. lane-widening).

FHWA allows a state to transfer up to 50% of their federal fiscal year apportionment of NHPP to other highway funding categories. MA does this with its Congestion Mitigation & Air Quality (CMAQ) program, where we might receive $70M in a federal fiscal year, but have $90M-worth of CMAQ projects deliverable. NH currently flexes I think 25% of their CMAQ funding to FTA for NH Regional Transit Authorities to have supplemental funding for capital purchases (i.e. bus replacements, facility upgrades, etc.). I believe that if NHDOT decided to prioritize rail transit investment, it could be funded with a combination of existing formula transit funding, some discretionary grant funding that lead RTA/rail operator would receive, and through the transfer of formula FHWA funds to FTA program.

Mind you more planning still needs to take place and a project is still years away, but funding should not be a barrier to implementing the Capitol Corridor in NH.
I know New Hampshirites who think taxes for things like roads and schools are stupid, they already have enough. Anything that increases taxes for a good for the public would be a fight.
 
I don't think there's much question that funds for rail could be made available if there was the will to make it so. New Hampshire has made the highway system the priority and currently spends less than one percent of the transportation budget on rail. A consensus would have to form in favor of commuter rail and to set aside the major highway projects which currently fill the pipeline. Once a highway project enters the planning stage it accumulates its own constituency and advocates.

The rail study was not completed on time and was cancelled. That would have been first step toward getting a rail project into the ten year plan.

I'd say politically rail is a hard sell right now because work from home has challenged assumptions about how many would use the service. The legislature will not invest in rail if it's destined to be underutilized.
 
It's seemed to me for a while now that the only way forward, politically speaking, is to find a way to get a short extension to Nashua done. Once it's real, in New Hampshire, and gains popularity, it may be possible to get the political capital for an extension to Manchester.
 
The mostly likely route seems to be Nashua cutting a deal with the T: we build you a new layover, you help fund the Massachusetts portion. Nashua itself is really achievable - while the track needs a lot of work, it's only 13 miles. Depending on how many trains get extended to Nashua, you might be able to get away with the 3 existing miles of double track plus one passing siding.
 
The mostly likely route seems to be Nashua cutting a deal with the T: we build you a new layover, you help fund the Massachusetts portion. Nashua itself is really achievable - while the track needs a lot of work, it's only 13 miles. Depending on how many trains get extended to Nashua, you might be able to get away with the 3 existing miles of double track plus one passing siding.
Massachusetts probably wouldn't skimp on the funds. They want this badly for the in-district constituency up to the border and for traffic relief. So chances are they'd fund everything needed--stations at UMass and North Chelmsford + double-track to the border--for Manchester service up-front to be done with it forever. Everything except the UMass stop has been studied to death, so would save them the cost of having to re-study to just xerox the Manchester track layout to the border. It's really only the 4.5 miles from the state line to Crown St. that would have to be value-engineered at the station level and with single-tracking. But I assume that federal grants would pay for most of the capital cost for that since there was so much federal funding available for the canceled plans, and the Nashua layover inside the CSX yard can be paid for by a combo of fed funds and slushing funds across the border to CSX in the guise of "freight improvements" (since they'd probably be the ones tasked by the MBTA with building the actual facility). City of Nashua might have to pick up some of the tab for the Pheasant Lane and Downtown stations, but it's mostly just hashing out a subsidy agreement with them to make it happen.
 

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