Fairmount Line Upgrade

Plus I don't even think Fairmount's and Readville's low platforms are 8 inches above the railhead to begin with like all of Caltrain's stops are, so the onboard bridge plates from the low-level doors probably wouldn't reach down to an acceptable ADA interface to begin with. The mini-high is still the only 100% accessible way to enter. The T might not even be legally allowed to use the expensive-ass low-level folding bridge plates that these things come factory-installed with.

Looking back over the Board meeting from last week, I don't think this is the case. Full quote below, but it sounds like the T requested the door heights get fixed even if it means needing additional FRA approvals. That also explains the jump in timelines (which make the argument for BEMUs even worse but that's another rabbit hole).

Phil Eng:

The original cars that were being conceived would have been ADA compliant, but they also would not have been fully compliant in every car, meaning if you had mobility needs, if you had families with strollers or, or carts, you would have had to gone to one unit and not any car in the fleet. [...] I asked the team to go back. I asked the team to take a look at design modifications that would ensure that when this rolling stock is delivered, it meets our standards, it meets the accessibility needs. Those changes did add time for design and build, and those changes also would require then some review by FRA and approvals by FRA.
 
Looking back over the Board meeting from last week, I don't think this is the case. Full quote below, but it sounds like the T requested the door heights get fixed even if it means needing additional FRA approvals. That also explains the jump in timelines (which make the argument for BEMUs even worse but that's another rabbit hole).
That's going to pile on even more cost, because the door heights and bridge plate interface was the be-all/end-all Caltrain cost bloater. Stadler struggled like hell to get an ADA-compliant bridge plate slope that would even interface with an 8-inch platform, let alone a ground-level platform that would increase the slope beyond ADA tolerances. Caltrain even has a special "mini" mini-high build program going on so the bridge plate interface with these cars' lower-level doors can be truly level boarding, instead of on a maximum-allowed slope. Most "low" platforms in Europe where the unmodified versions of these things run are still much taller than American low platforms.

Tripling-down on bespokeness in the name of greenwashing has its consequences. The T is going to get the ugly end of that when the bill comes due.
 
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Three quarters of a billion dollars for the 7 BEMU sets, at $20M per car. Exactly as awful as the Caltrain BEMU purchase, and it's only a freaking lease.

This is apocryphally bad. :(
 
How does this make any sense at all? Ai is telling me catenary can cost up to $47m a mile including substations. Thats $500m for 10 miles leaving another $250m for something more off the shelf??
 
How does this make any sense at all
It doesn't. There is no world in which using BEMUs for Fairmount Line trips makes sense except one where we somehow get European prices on rolling stock and Caltrain prices on overhead catenary. For BEMUs to be worth it over OLE you generally need three criteria to be met:
  1. Distance has to be reasonably sizable but not crazy large. Think the 15 miles from Beverly to Rockport or the 17 miles from Quincy to Greenbush. Much lower than this (like the ~9 miles for Fairmount) and the OCS is usually cheaper than the BEMUs.
  2. Charging should happen en-route, so part of the route should be electrified. Without this you either get burned by the large costs and power draw of fast-chargers at terminals, or by needing more rolling stock to account for charging time.
  3. Frequencies should be low-ish. Better than 30 minute headways and it starts looking not great for BEMUs in general.
All three of those are a big fail for Fairmount. I do genuinely see a future for BEMUs on the Commuter Rail, but I see them on the Newburyport/Rockport branches or the Greenbush Line branching off from partial electrification, not for use on a high-frequency urban route with a phobia of wires.
 
It feels like elaborate sandbagging to justify Siemens Chargers as the prudent long term solution.
 
How does this make any sense at all? Ai is telling me catenary can cost up to $47m a mile including substations. Thats $500m for 10 miles leaving another $250m for something more off the shelf??
$47M/mi. is way too high. Even Caltrain, the standard-bearer for blowing out electrification budgets to complete absurdity, did it for $12.5M/mi. Basic OCS and supporting electronics (paralleling stations with circuit breakers one every 5-6 miles) runs about $4.5M per mile, and Fairmount is too short to have any dedicated substations. If Providence/Stoughton were to get electrified in a package the T was going to spend for a Roxbury substation, but the asinine battery loco plan puts that on-ice so the only substation costs (which average about $8M apiece) would've been an incremental expansion of existing Sharon substation at considerably less than the cost of a full sub. Doing up the 10-mile line shouldn't reasonably cost much more than $50M, and if you're grading on a curve for the agency's generally awful reputation for project management...say there's a 50% contingency to get you to $75M.

For the vehicle costs, they're spending $20.5M per car for 28 cars, 7 of which are just the battery packs with no seating (so 21 passenger cars). NJ Transit has hundreds of slush options on its Alstom MultiLevel III order that it can sell to other agencies, locked in at a $4.7M per car price for any EMU powered car, unpowered cab car, or unpowered trailer unit. The minimum MultiLevel EMU set is 3 cars: 2 cab cars with a powered unit in the middle. So we'd only need to order 21 @ $4.7M apiece to net an equivalent setup = $98.7M. And MultiLevels seat about 20% more per car than a Stadler KISS because it's all 2x2 seating instead of the KISS's truly weird mix of 2x2 + longitudinal + large open standee areas. So our chances of being able to order more to expand the fleet to Providence Line are way higher than with the KISSes' wholly inadequate loading.

The whole electrification + vehicle purchase package for Fairmount could be done for about 5x less than we're paying just to lease vehicles for 15 years. Throw in the $58M we've already budgeted outside of this for a maintenance shed and about $7.5M already budgeted outside of this for misc. track work, and you'd have enough extra money in your pocket to raise the Fairmount platforms, relocate Readville Station to a two-track island, and net 15- instead of 20-minute frequencies because you'd have the 2-track terminus that can double-berth trains.


Costs could outright DOUBLE from that starting point and we'd still be able to do a complete electrification + outright vehicle purchase for less than the KISS vehicle lease. Seriously...careers very high up in T management should end immediately over this level of malpractice. Mike Muller should be cleaning out his desk today, and Eng should be getting a tongue-lashing from the Governor to pick only one of his titles to keep going forward. It's just that bad.
 
It feels like elaborate sandbagging to justify Siemens Chargers as the prudent long term solution.
They already did that with the seating capacity of these KISSes. 93 seats per car means you'd need an 8-passenger car KISS set (meaning 9 cars total with the battery pack) to seat as many as a minimum-allowable 4-car Kawasaki/Rotem bi-level set (and the Providence Line never runs the minimums, not even on the far off-peak and weekends). And guess what, KISS sets are only factory-orderable for a maximum of 7 cars and the seatless battery car is one of them. Caltrain's post-electrification ridership explosion has already created problems for them with the straight-EMU KISSes. They had to drain lots of options to expand the whole base-order fleet of 6-car straight-EMU sets to the maximum 7 cars, and they are still running rush hour sets that are standing-room only where the previous larger capacity push-pulls weren't. Overstuffed in spite of increasing frequencies. Caltrain is actually in kind of a bad spot as the ridership continues to aggressively grow, because they've increased frequencies about as much as their track infrastructure will allow and have no more moves to increase per-set capacity. They're just going to have to deal with standing-room only peak trains as a way of life because they miscalculated their loading very badly vs. the ridership draw of the 25% improved schedules. It's going to choke off their growth pretty quickly when people start getting turned off by the overcrowding conditions and the increased boarding/alighting dwells for such severely over-capacity trains start dragging down their rush-hour OTP. Caltrain planned their per-train capacity pretty freaking stupid, so it was a giant risk to try to emulate them. And a gianter risk to emulate them without any forethought whatsoever because of the "take it or leave it" nature of the lease terms that prohibits them from altering the seating capacity with customizations (lest it cost them even more money per-car). Fairmount, being so unlike the other lines with a lot of intermediate-to-intermediate trips, less of a rush-hour bump, and much more even-keeled all-day loading, is probably the one and only line in the whole system where these cars' very small capacity could actually work across the entire schedule.

So the stuff the T ordered is basically unusable on all other lines on the system because of the onboard capacity limitations. And they know it now, which is why they're overplaying the battery loco purchase + existing push-pull fleet as "better" for Providence, even though the push-pull schedules (diesel or battery) are about 20-22% worse than an equivalent EMU-run schedule and forego the ridership bump Caltrain is getting from their EMU'd schedules. Even if you lashed up 2 Fairmount BEMU sets back-to-back (inconveniently walled off from each other because the middle-facing cab cars don't have pass-thru doors) for 8 total cars/6 passenger cars, you'd only end up with a about 3 Kawasaki/Rotem's worth of total capacity. Which is not nearly enough for even an off-peak Framingham or Salem/Beverly short-turn, and probably not even enough for a Needham or Reading turn except on the off-peak. They're literally only a fit for Fairmount's loading, which means the odds of the 96 option cars (again, still at $20.5M per) on the lease being drained are almost nil because there's just no other place anywhere the T roams where the loading within battery range fits the available set capacity. They went so freaking extremely bespoke they backed themselves entirely into a corner, such that the only way to keep greenwashing other lines like Providence was do go extremely freaking bespoke all over again with the batt loco order. Unforced error begatting unforced error. "Portability" didn't factor into their analysis at all, no matter what BS pap they were spreading about these KISSes someday being usable on other lines. If it did, they'd be evaluating cars in more intermediate capacity range like the 2x2 (but not semi-longitudinal) seating Alstom MultiLevel EMU's that aren't so skewed to parking suburban butts like a 3x2 Kawasaki/Rotem sardine can, but also not so skewed in the opposite extreme with excessive standee room like the Caltrain KISSes that they're unusable at any sort of mean Purple Line peak loading. A loading analysis would've red-flagged to them that Caltrain fucked it up and that ordering their cars verbatim would bring problems, but of course they didn't do that at all.

At some deep dark subconscious level, they now know they dun fucked up bigtime and bought something that's unusable at a systemic level. But the PR--on both battery purchases--is in the lying-through-their-teeth-and-see-if-anyone-notices phase (which, sampling comments from the Reddit masses, seems to be working for them more often than not). And that's what happens in the middle of a catastrophic planning mistake: the unforced errors begat a whole succession of more unforced errors that feed off each other and feed a bubble of bullshitting that eventually bursts. That's where we are with the dueling battery purchases...they're amplifying each other to complete catastrophe, which is how a couple billion dollars ends up going up in smoke without any internal self-checks. The fallout is going to create generational planning trauma, because in their efforts to save face they'll just be like "Well, we tried batteries...what else is there?" and do no self-reflection on how they approached batteries. Even on things like the botched capacity analysis that isn't about batteries per se.

It's bad. All very very bad.
 
At this point they should cancel and pay whatever penalty and start over. Such a colossal fuck up just to avoid wires for *reasons*. Is there no way anyone can try to stop this mess before the boston metro gets hosed for the next 20 years because ppl are too proud to admit they completely fucked up? There has to be some way this can be stopped. Anyone heard from Dukakis in a while? He seems to know how to get a transit discussion going in the public from time to time.
 
We're getting BEMUs instead of EMUs, short platforms instead of full-length platforms, and lower seating capacity... The future of "Regional Rail" is going to be terrible.

Who should we contact to advocate against all of this? I've already reached out to my state reps about this multiple times, but I feel like we need to be making our voices heard much more.
 
We're getting BEMUs instead of EMUs, short platforms instead of full-length platforms, and lower seating capacity... The future of "Regional Rail" is going to be terrible.

Who should we contact to advocate against all of this? I've already reached out to my state reps about this multiple times, but I feel like we need to be making our voices heard much more.
Ugh, I-93 is just destined to be choked with traffic for the next 20 years. We'll try again in 2050.
 
We're getting BEMUs instead of EMUs, short platforms instead of full-length platforms, and lower seating capacity... The future of "Regional Rail" is going to be terrible.

Who should we contact to advocate against all of this? I've already reached out to my state reps about this multiple times, but I feel like we need to be making our voices heard much more.
TransitMatters has been hammering them very loudly all along on these points. They're very much against the battery distractions from implementing bread-and-butter Regional Rail best practices. Unfortunately the state has gotten very used to ignoring TM's advocacy, so they don't drive the conversation quite as much as they did even a few years ago when the existential nature of Regional Rail was being defined in debate. Baker's people were at least a little adverse to bad publicity and could be moved to back off some bad decisions (or would-be decisions) when they faced consistent heat. Healey and Eng's people are just "posting through it" with their alternate sky-is-pink realities. It's very disillusioning. :(
 
TM never really pushed back against the Fairmount BEMU proposals (which makes sense as it seemed sensible when it was supposed to be $54 million when originally announced, not $765 million as the T just admitted), and has oddly advocated for electric locomotives when opposing the battery-electric locomotive order instead of EMUs (despite years of reports advocating for EMUs). There were some pro-EMU statements from Regional Rail lead Janet Cheung right when the battery locos were announced, but not much since.

Compare that to say, NYC's Effective Transit Alliance's very strong pushback against Metro-North's battery locomotive order where they fairly explicit push for EMUs:
 
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Isn’t it obvious that they’re purposely doing the worst and costliest project possible? Investing $700+ mil for the ultimate tool to crush public support for any future regional rail or similar transit projects
 
Isn’t it obvious that they’re purposely doing the worst and costliest project possible? Investing $700+ mil for the ultimate tool to crush public support for any future regional rail or similar transit projects
Or perhaps prove through the RFP that BEMUs are a non-starter, and go back to the drawing board with support for an EMU solution. My hope is that the price tag will lead to sticker shock in the General Court, and Eng will come back and say, well, there's this other option with some overhead wires....
 
Or perhaps prove through the RFP that BEMUs are a non-starter, and go back to the drawing board with support for an EMU solution. My hope is that the price tag will lead to sticker shock in the General Court, and Eng will come back and say, well, there's this other option with some overhead wires....
i want to believe
 

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