BACKGROUND BUILDINGS are the very backbone of a city and serve to define its character. We need to re-learn how to make them simultaneously a little plain and a little interesting --like Shirley MacLaine.
Beacon Hill gets its look from dormered brick boxes, often with bowfronts. These are generally anonymous but crisply detailed with big windows, stone accents and fine casework. They make a satisfying bed of lettuce for the Hill?s few genuine architectural monuments ?most of which are by Bulfinch-- including the State House.
Or thrust together in communal anonymity to make a larger overall form, these have the power to produce Louisburg Square ?which thus rises to monumentality itself?like a colonial organism comprised of zooids.
The South End?s background buildings extend the Hill?s pattern of inspired anonymity, while composing themselves much more often into Louisburg Squares. Where they don?t, they sometimes lapse into machine order (identical parts repeated without hierarchical organization: a-a-a-a) --though little ornamental delights like cast iron stair rails inspire admiration.
Back Bay strives to temper the deferential interaction of its parts with individual (and sometimes individualistic) design; most houses differ markedly from their immediate neighbors. Most were designed individually by architects with varying degrees of budget and talent; because of a similarity of size and scale , however, the whole manages to lapse into a generalized anonymity not too different from the South End?s.
In Back Bay, an occasional limestone mansion arrived fashionably late to function as a landmark. Often more ornate, bigger and swishly exotic in style (French or Beaux-Arts), these prima donnas provide a welcome element of stylish swagger.
North End tenements collaborate over time to form canyons of bricky streetwall. Many such low-income dwellings feature admirable machine-made ornament that exceeds in visual complexity and interest anything we?d lavish today on such supposedly luxurious housing as you?d find in the Ladder District.
It?s that new stuff that seems impoverished and inadequate, and of course the reason is that it features such very large areas of unrelieved machine order: a-a-a-a, no ornament for the eye to admire, no generous detailing. This is not anonymity; this is banality.
Truth is, we?re not very good at making background buildings, because Modernism cast its searchlight on all but the most utilitarian components of an ornamental vocabulary, and declared the presence of the devil's work.
Better a dull, new building, however, than a parking lot.
Every building is better than a parking lot.
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