Headway on the Greenway
By Ren?e Loth
August 7, 2010
LIKE THE Rose Kennedy Greenway itself, the Boston Redevelopment Authority?s big Greenway District planning study has been a long time in coming. First announced by Mayor Thomas Menino in 2008, the study is only now being presented to the BRA board for approval. As expected after all that work, the proposed guidelines for development abutting the mile-long Greenway are comprehensive. But they are not complete.
Much of the drama surrounding the guidelines has focused on developer Don Chiofaro?s skyscrapers, proposed for the site of his harbor garage next to the New England Aquarium. But the study makes recommendations on at least 15 other critical sites, from James Hook lobster (destroyed in a 2008 fire) to the US Coast Guard building on Atlantic Avenue to the Government Center garage. What happens on all these sites will help determine whether the Greenway becomes a lively connecting space and heals the scars left by the Central Artery ? or just replaces one green barrier with another.
There is much to like about the guidelines, which the BRA board is expected to vote on Aug. 17. They include a focus on public access to the harbor; re-knitting fractured neighborhoods; a requirement that any large new developments include public spaces on the ground floor; several suggested sites for boutique hotels or housing to create more of a 24-hour city; and a tilt toward outdoor cafes, public art, and other uses to reverse the orientation of buildings that currently turn their backs to the Greenway.
But the study is missing one obvious element: the mile-long park itself. The BRA?s purview only extends to the frame around the park?s edges, not the 30 acres of space inside, which the state Department of Transportation owns. This prevents city planners from taking a more holistic view of the district, and it alarms some who fear the BRA has lost interest in several stalled projects on Greenway parcels that are designated for development.
Much of the drama surrounding the guidelines has focused on developer Don Chiofaro?s skyscrapers, proposed for the site of his harbor garage next to the New England Aquarium. But the study makes recommendations on at least 15 other critical sites, from James Hook lobster (destroyed in a 2008 fire) to the US Coast Guard building on Atlantic Avenue to the Government Center garage. What happens on all these sites will help determine whether the Greenway becomes a lively connecting space and heals the scars left by the Central Artery ? or just replaces one green barrier with another.
There is much to like about the guidelines, which the BRA board is expected to vote on Aug. 17. They include a focus on public access to the harbor; re-knitting fractured neighborhoods; a requirement that any large new developments include public spaces on the ground floor; several suggested sites for boutique hotels or housing to create more of a 24-hour city; and a tilt toward outdoor cafes, public art, and other uses to reverse the orientation of buildings that currently turn their backs to the Greenway.
But the study is missing one obvious element: the mile-long park itself. The BRA?s purview only extends to the frame around the park?s edges, not the 30 acres of space inside, which the state Department of Transportation owns. This prevents city planners from taking a more holistic view of the district, and it alarms some who fear the BRA has lost interest in several stalled projects on Greenway parcels that are designated for development.
But the study is missing one obvious element: the mile-long park itself. The BRA?s purview only extends to the frame around the park?s edges, not the 30 acres of space inside, which the state Department of Transportation owns. This prevents city planners from taking a more holistic view of the district, and it alarms some who fear the BRA has lost interest in several stalled projects on Greenway parcels that are designated for development.
?By no means can we say the Greenway is done,?? said Mike Davis, head of public policy for the Boston Society of Architects. ?The idea that maybe it?s OK if the Greenway is just a green ribbon ? we?re adamantly opposed to that thinking.??
Davis wants to see more activity on the Greenway, and believes that buildings or commercial uses ? something close to blasphemy for open space advocates ? are the way to get it. For Davis, the Greenway is less a linear park than a series of outdoor rooms, with a few low-rise buildings acting as guideposts to link the Financial District or Government Center to the Harbor. ?Connectivity is the founding principle of this whole exercise,?? he said.
Kairos Shen, the BRA?s chief city planner, explains that the guidelines are just the first step toward adopting new zoning rules for the district, which have greater legal force and should offer developers more certainty. When that happens, roughly within a year, the Greenway will be included. ?The primary goal is to think about the parks and the frame all in one,?? he said.
As for buildings on the Greenway proper, Shen is looking for a middle way. He thinks of the vent stacks near Dewey Square, or the highway ramps the state has pledged to cover, as fixed geological features ? like a big rock in the middle of your garden. A good landscape architect can acknowledge that and work it in to the garden?s design. ?Not everything has to be a lawn,?? he said. But he wouldn?t support buildings that interrupt a sense of visual continuity.
When it comes to developing the Greenway district, Shen counsels patience. Unlike the larger South Boston waterfront, for example, every decision on the Greenway is magnified. ?If you screw up, it?s much more apparent,?? Shen said.
The latest piece of good news for the Greenway District is the Patrick administration?s commitment of $10 million to help build a public market in an abandoned building on Hanover Street owned by the state. No one has a discouraging word about this exciting project. Still, it says something about the sluggish pace of Greenway development that Menino, the market?s biggest advocate, quickly abandoned his requirement that the market be located on a Greenway development parcel when another site opened up.
Even the mayor, it seems, can lose patience with the Greenway.