On the Cambridge side, a stone’s throw from the front entrance of MIT, is 211 Massachusetts Avenue, an ornate, hundred-year-old, brick building that when first erected in 1904 was known as the E&R Laundry Company, and then, much later, called the Barta Building, after a publisher by the same name.
From the bare floor of that vacant factory the bright boys launched the country on one of the greatest and most successful projects in the history of American engineer-ing. No similar enterprise had ever or has since sprung from such humble surroundings.
If they had brought forth only the first real-time digital computer, the first digital network, and the first practical application of information theory, as they did, and pro-duced nothing thereafter, their adventure would have been a colossal triumph. However, their string of startling successes rambled on. They were the first to develop an electronic digital computer capable of controlling other machines and processes, a distinctly radical departure from the handful of other electronic computers of the day that calculated numbers only and then regurgitated an answer.
They pioneered the highly complex and very chancy process of engineering multiple electronic systems together into a single system...systems engineering. They were the first to institutionalize quality control from R&D to prototyping to manufacturing and on into management.
They originated modular construction of computers. They invented the modem and taught AT&T how to use it. They conceived of IBM’s first computer assembly line. They origin-ated computer memory that became the industry standard until the 1970s. They launched the formal development of software programming. And like major, high-tech corpor-ations years into the future, they designed and prototyped most everything yet manufactured next to nothing, preferring to outsource all production and supply.