Green Line Extension to Medford & Union Sq

Just curious, when this was in the pre-planning stages (ie, 20+ years ago), did they consider simply making it a 4 track commuter rail line with local and express service using the same stops?

No. In part because this was eyeballed as rapid transit ever since 1945 with demand meriting the full-on GL branch 6-min frequencies; 15 minute turns on a Fairmount-north wouldn't have licked it. The other factor was that RUR'ing of commuter rail was not a foreseeable proposition way back in the early-90's when the CLF Big Dig commitment was agreed to for this project. Apart even from the U.S. being in an even stonier-age best-practices wise. At that time the modern 1997-construction Boston Engine Terminal consolidated facility hadn't even gone into design and northside CR was still living amid the scattered ruins of the ancient B&M Somerville roundhouse, so a scale-up of northside ops to anything half-frequent was still an improbable prediction at the time that GLX became a binding commitment. A lot has changed in a quarter-century.
 
F-Line is right: 1990's view of the world was very much "if it is frequent, it must be rapid transit" and so would be much more framed by the conversion of the B&A to be the GL D branch and finishing the work of the "Post War" planners.

Refresh my chronology: When exactly was the CLF settlement agreement was reached in the waning hours of the Dukakis admin (which ended Jan 3, 1991).

It'd have to been cut in November - December 1990, after Bill Weld defeated John Silber (Dukakis had chosen not to run in 1990).

Both sides, knowing that they'd cut a more transit-friendly settlement than the incoming Governor Weld, cut a deal for the Big Dig to proceed subject to a list and timetable of transit projects (for which I've started a new thread: CLF Settlement Transit to Offset the Big Dig)
 
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Behold the architectural masterpiece that is the Ball Square traction power substation.
IMG_0240.jpg
 
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I don’t get the apparent need to build a new retaining wall at Maxwell’s Green. They have built up a large embankment and are setting up a drill rig. However, there is already the newer wall built as part of the Maxwell’s Green construction.

Making the construction documents available on the web would make stuff like this clearer. Too bad they can’t seem to do that.
 
They did consider some non-GL ideas in the 2007 Beyond Lechmere report that actually started the GLX process. Note that all of these alternatives assumed completion of the Urban Ring (with an infill CR station at Gilman), with an UR branch to Union Square and a CR station there.

  • 1A: GL to West Medford (intermediate stops at Washington Street, Gilman, Lowell, Ball Square, College Ave, Winthrop)
  • 1B: GL to West Medford via Union Square (long tunnel from Union to Gilman)
  • 1C: GL to Union Square and West Medford
  • 1D: GL to Union Square + CR stops at Medford Hillside (a bit east of Winthrop) and Lowell Street
  • 2A: BRT to West Medford (using the Lowell Line ROW)
  • 2B: GL to Union Square + BRT to West Medford
  • 2C: GL to Washington Street + BRT to Union Square and West Medford (BRT terminating at Lechmere)
  • 2D: BRT to Union Square + CR infill stops
  • 3A: CR shuttle service to West Medford with infill stops (possible third track or passing sidings)
  • 3B (added only in Tier 2): CR shuttle to Anderson RTC
Only 1A, 1C, 2B, and 3A/3B passed the sniff test and went on to Tier 2 screening.
  • 1A assumed peak 3-minute headways to West Medford; $390M cost
  • 1C assumed 5-minute peak headways to WM and 7 minutes to US; $438M cost
  • 2B assumed 3-minute peak headways to US and 3-minute BRT headways; $340M cost
  • 3A/3B assumed 15-minute peak and 45-minute off-peak headways; $171-347M
1A actually slugged highest on ridership and other metrics, followed by 1C and 2B. The CR alternatives did basically no better than increasing frequencies on the 80, 87, 88, and 101. The CR alternatives were quickly dropped as useless (note several differences from modern proposals, including the terrible off-peak frequency and use of slow-acceleration loco-hauled diesel trains). BRT never really showed up on the radar after that, likely due to Silver Line blowback.
 
I don’t get the apparent need to build a new retaining wall at Maxwell’s Green. They have built up a large embankment and are setting up a drill rig. However, there is already the newer wall built as part of the Maxwell’s Green construction.

Making the construction documents available on the web would make stuff like this clearer. Too bad they can’t seem to do that.
Some of these are sound barriers!
 
I don’t get the apparent need to build a new retaining wall at Maxwell’s Green. They have built up a large embankment and are setting up a drill rig. However, there is already the newer wall built as part of the Maxwell’s Green construction.

Making the construction documents available on the web would make stuff like this clearer. Too bad they can’t seem to do that.

That area near Lowell Street bridge is the end of Magoun Square station. I believe they will need their own structure for the entrance to that end of the station, other than that the majority of that existing retaining wall should remain as is.
 
^ I'm hoping they'll hire a trompe l'oeil artist at some point. The prefab concrete makes a nice canvas. Here's a before and after of a power substation for the Charlotte NC LRT (done with bus wrap, I believe)
Unwrapped box:
View attachment 4843
After wrap:
View attachment 4845

Trackside location:

Maybe they'll mural up the fire suppression wall at Union Sq. electrical sub while they're at it. Those things tend to be standard-issue at most subs, so that in case of catastrophic explosion the inferno is vented skyward instead of sideways. In dense surroundings like this they'd be fully-enclosed, but otherwise in more open environs like Union Sq. amid the maze of road overpasses they usually only firewall the side blow in the direction of nearest occupied buildings to prevent loss of life and limb. Or, like the much larger Alewife sub, firewall one major power section of the sub from another independent power section so the whole sub isn't necessarily fucked should one section blow.

At least the composite material the T is using for their DC sub barriers is more attractive, smoother, and readily amenable to a nice paint job than the cinderblock walls you find at most Eversource subs. They're definitely not going to leave that bare and unpainted when the backside has a 24/7 Community Path view. Community mural fundraisers will literally be phoning the T off the hook saying "Take my money!!!" to work over the canvas, so it's a near-lock that they've already got that precisely in mind.
 
No. In part because this was eyeballed as rapid transit ever since 1945 with demand meriting the full-on GL branch 6-min frequencies; 15 minute turns on a Fairmount-north wouldn't have licked it. The other factor was that RUR'ing of commuter rail was not a foreseeable proposition way back in the early-90's when the CLF Big Dig commitment was agreed to for this project. Apart even from the U.S. being in an even stonier-age best-practices wise. At that time the modern 1997-construction Boston Engine Terminal consolidated facility hadn't even gone into design and northside CR was still living amid the scattered ruins of the ancient B&M Somerville roundhouse, so a scale-up of northside ops to anything half-frequent was still an improbable prediction at the time that GLX became a binding commitment. A lot has changed in a quarter-century.

I wonder if today, had the project been a brand new idea, it would have been considered.

Pro- 4 track commuter rail offers a lot more flexibility for the entire network (ie, no need for weekend shutdown when you can simply close an entire track).

Con - Absolute best case would be 10 minute headways with SEPTA-style two-car commuter rail trains.

And instead of tying into the green line for downtown service, it would have had to be part of the north-south rail connection so that riders would actually get to the destination (financial district). Forcing transfer at North Station onto the green line would defeat the entire purpose.



And just to be clear, Im not advocating for this, I was just curious if it was one of the alternative options discussed. Since theres zero political will for the north-south connection, making it the green line was probably the best choice. Of course, it should go to Woburn, but thats another discussion.
 
I wonder if today, had the project been a brand new idea, it would have been considered.
NS is still not well connected to the rest of the network, and that's got to be a factor too.

Even under RUR there are going to be some places where you convert "CR" right of way to LRT/HRT. GLX is a really good example (particularly if in GLX3 we go from Union to Porter, and OLX happens to allow capacity to be consolidated on the south side.
 
NS is still not well connected to the rest of the network, and that's got to be a factor too.

Even under RUR there are going to be some places where you convert "CR" right of way to LRT/HRT. GLX is a really good example (particularly if in GLX3 we go from Union to Porter, and OLX happens to allow capacity to be consolidated on the south side.

It also depends greatly on where people are going. GLX is a lot like all the rest of Green...a very high share of quick intra-neighborhood trips where it's co-absorbing the functionality of a very fast and high-capacity bus in addition to piping the CBD and transfers. There are many Brookline residents, for instance, who ride the C every day without ever leaving the Town of Brookline. You'll see some of that in Somerville, too...people doing Gilman-Ball and other pairings for business about town. You don't see as much of that with the makeup of the CR/Urban Rail corridors, simply because the ROW's are laid out in much more inner vs. outer/home stop vs. CBD fashion, tend to chop up the street grid a lot more this side vs. that because of the wholly 20th century grade separation retrofits on the first 10 miles unlike rapid transit's more organic mixed surface/subsurface portfolio, and the stop spacing is inherently wider. Even at :15 minute frequencies and a subway fare, there's not going to be a lot of people jumping between Uphams Corner and Talbot Ave. on quick trips like it's a drop-in substitute for bus mode. But the B is so chokingly sardine-packed on a normal Friday night because half of BU is doing campus-to-Allston short hops.

Factor in as well that even the most nimble RUR vehicle isn't going to platform half as fast as a trolley, and despite potential availability of tap transfers the fare portability isn't as set-it/forget-it as literally going behind the walled garden and staying there behind fare control for the entire multi-legged duration of a subway trip. You net modes that really aren't drop-in replacements for each other. Story of GLX's demand studies--going all the way back to 1945--is that there were clear and distinct X-factors favoring rapid transit. A lot of that owing to the fact that present-day routes 87 and 88 (both Top 35's in ridership) flanking this corridor were both former subway branches...then later cross-platform transfers behind Lechmere fare control along with the 89 and 90 streetcar/TT's originating behind Sullivan Orange Line fare control. Those stars don't align by accident.

It's similar to how BLX-Lynn and RUR-Salem aren't interchangeable--and in fact both need to happen for full effect across the North Shore. Divergent destinations, and only BLX holds the trump card for mending the breakage of Lynn bus terminal holding back last-mile frequencies across the North Shore...caused by 49 years of equipment imbalance on the distended runs all 4xx routes make to Wonderland and through the Harbor tunnels. Every time someone lazily vomits out "well just build Wonderland CR across the parking moonscape and be done with it" they totally miss the point (at least until the latest ridership projections math out just as shit as the last 5 times it was studied) that hardly anyone's getting from home to there without a car so long as all the 4xx's are sentenced to another generation of running half-cocked from broken cycling.


You will usually see some big whopper of a tell like that in the vital-signs demand data when a Preferred Alt. comes firmly on the side of rapid transit. I mean, nevermind that the Grand Junction physically can't run an RUR dinky frequent enough to serve Kendall a drop in the bucket...CT2 intersecting 1/CT1 + Red and the 66 badly needing an alt-pipe to keep the Longwooders and Brookliners from choking on each other's overcrowding perfectly traces out the Urban Ring NW + Harvard Branch for a blind man. Eight routes clipping Sweetser Circle and another six in/around Box District says something about the Ring NE quadrant between Sullivan and Logan. So does 4 & 7 overcrowding point to some overly pregnant need for a Back Bay-Seaport thru connector. So does 8 routes duplicating each other on Lower Washington to Rozzie. Or the alternating quadruple-ups on Blue Hill Ave. pointing to a 28X corridor that's real feature-complete BRT, no half-assing. Hell...even with frequencies currently really lame after repeat service cuts you can see what they were thinking with OL-Reading with the bundle of 131/136/137/106 tracing out the entirety of that corridor.

I think in contrast you can see where some of the Urban Rail lines are collections of nodes rather than continuous corridors. Fitchburg Line to Waltham/128 has good demand because pretty much each individual stop is anchoring the end of the line for some major bus...but Waltham vs. Waverley vs. Belmont vs. Porter really aren't oriented to/from each other. That's much more home stop vs. Red Line/CBD travel pattern...though Waltham being a big bus hub means some of those long-jump pairs are going to be pretty hot on demand.

Fairmount...much denser overall but sort of same vibe. The mega contiguous corridors are the 28X and Ashmont Branch/Ashmont Hub, and the Fairmount Line stations are mainly traversed by east-west routes. A lot of east-west routes, which is why the ridership studied out good...but B Line on a Friday night this is not going to be because the intra-neighborhood orientation really isn't along the north-south Fairmount corridor.

Likewise, when I say that BLX and RUR are both needed for the North Shore you can see from where they trace south of Lynn why one to the exclusion of the other isn't going to cut it. There's no bus connectivity whatsoever between Lynn Terminal routes and the Maverick Terminal routes that source Chelsea...mobility between the two cities is all tied to Blue as the optimal intermediary. But if you're on the upper North Shore you are eyeing the long-jump to North Station more lustily than the very long commute on the full length of Blue..all provided that you don't need to drive to that albatross of a downtown garage because BLX fixed the Lynn Terminal bus rotations and afforded enough equipment for Salem to establish its own heft as last-mile feeder hub. There are telltales for things breaking that way, too.

There's no 'universal' mode. Never was. Thinking there ever was a one-size-fits-all is how incoherent executions like the Silver Line were allowed to get as incoherent as they did and spit right in Captain Obvious' face. Rapid transit and RUR are distinctly different tools for the job. As we see, mixing and matching the tools simultaneously is what builds the mighty house. One-size-fits-all you've just got one hammer seeing everything as a nail, whether the actual task at hand is calling for a Phillips-head screwdriver or circ saw. Not a mentality that lends itself to well-executed results.
 
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It seems a shame that they aren't creating more "opportunistic" paths along the GLX...maybe not great for a whole commute, but possibly handy for getting to the stations or doing a neighborhood jog or car-free bike trip. Inspired by the margins that they're leaving on the north side here.

It seems a shame to leave the space between the private retaining wall and the new sound wall so "chopped up" both vertically and horizontally.

Javier's photo:

b23df0cc-60b0-43e2-b145-13130e92d336-jpeg.4852


I feel the same way west of the Tufts College Ave station where there are old streets that dead-end into the ROW that could have been connected by a path
 
It seems a shame that they aren't creating more "opportunistic" paths along the GLX...maybe not great for a whole commute, but possibly handy for getting to the stations or doing a neighborhood jog or car-free bike trip. Inspired by the margins that they're leaving on the north side here.

It seems a shame to leave the space between the private retaining wall and the new sound wall so "chopped up" both vertically and horizontally.

Javier's photo:


I feel the same way west of the Tufts College Ave station where there are old streets that dead-end into the ROW that could have been connected by a path

Gotta pick your battles. The state can't stake itself to total planning responsibility to every single block on route. This thing was already gridlocked for too long by too-many-chefs syndrome, and inviting pissing matches with the patchwork of privite and municipal property lines just isn't conducive to getting the primary thing done.

The unused half of Fitchburg Cutoff ROW being unused informed where the thrust of path construction would go. It's up to Somerville to lobby for other connections in the name of Complete Streets. Sort of how Cambridge has been trying (and mostly failing from lack of consensus on siting) to get a footbridge across the Fitchburg Line north or south of Alewife Brook Parkway to connect developments.

But that also means actually quantifying who's going to take the "opportunity" of an opportunistic path. Not every connectable nook is going to see utilization, and some of them with compromised visibility will have safety liabilities to contend with.

Plus out here the city line plays a factor. OK...there's a reason why the buses diverge at Boston Ave./Winthrop St....one's a diverging route for West Medford, one's a diverging route for Winthrop Sq. & Medford Sq. But the Medford side of the city line is more uniformly single-family residential, and they didn't want a Winthrop St. intermediate stop over traffic concerns that were a bit more nuanced than simply knee-jerk.

The politics of "pathlets" is going to be way different and more hyper-local there vs. on Tufts-owned campus, and way different on Tufts-owned campus vs. the area north of Magoun Sq. after the Community Path pulls out. If this is a valued hyper-local addition, then the hyper-locals kind of need to hash that out amongst themselves and not task MassDOT with sole responsibility for picking winners/losers or sifting through the scuffles when they guess wrong on hyper-local sentiment. Ball's pretty squarely in the municipalities' courts for parsing that one.

For whatever their given reason, Somerville and Medford have chosen not to dig down into that micro a level for the base build. In part because a ranking of these micro-connections by need/priority isn't going to be apparent until after the line opens and starts reshaping travel patterns. Two, because several (not all, but several) of those pathlet candidates aren't time-sensitive jobs that have to be decided before the sound wall is erected. They can come back later as demand merits, and for the ones where it is take-it-or-leave it requiring changes to sound wall construction they simply don't know enough up-front about would-be demand to tell one way or the other re: actual demand before the line opens.

You can fault them for not being braver, maybe...but this being the municipalities' baton to pick up and not the state's is a well-reasoned conclusion, and it's acknowledged reality that a map and photos aren't a lot to go on for estimating demand or degree of legal difficulty around property lines. So even if the cities want to pick up that baton, they've got some gap-filling to do on their knowledge side before there's any actionable candidates to take up for consideration.
 
Cool way to build a wall

Sound wall is probably the same way, built out of slide-in slats. MassDOT's been doing a lot of that lately...like the new sound walls on the last few installments of the 128 add-a-lane project. Has the advantage that if you need to take down a wall segment for later construction you can simply pull out the slats with one of those big loader trucks pictured to gain the access point, then slide them back in when done and spare the entirety of the expense of needing to rebuild a wall segment. Or have ready-made replacements to drop in should one of the slats fracture, unlike a poured concrete sound wall.

And note the steel supports all around are spaced conspicuously wide enough to fit a fairly large construction truck through. Can't help but wonder if the state's Blizzard of '78 experience sending the National Guard in to rescue all those stranded cars on the highway helps inform that spec, because a lot of barrier got bulldozed and blowtorched for scrap to get the equipment in for staging that mass rescue 42 years ago.

Here, the retaining wall slats will make it a ton easier and less messy to redev that industrial property if foundation digging has to breach the old retaining wall behind the slats.
 
Could we someday reconfigure the Tufts/Medford station to have commuter rail / regional rail tracks as the outer tracks, Green Line as the inner tracks, and one island platform with the northbound Green Line (discharge only) on the inside and northbound commuter rail on the outside, and the other island platform with southbound Green Line on the inside and southbound commuter rail on the outside, to enable cross platform transfers from one mode to the other for passengers continuing in the same direction?

That would require building a flyover somewhere between that station and Ball Sq for the inbound commuter rail track to trade places with the Green Line tracks. At Tufts/Medford, the Green Line railheads would presumably be a few feet higher than the commuter rail railheads to get level boarding for both modes with cross platform transfers.

It looks like the ROW is only tangent for roughly 600' railroad north of College Ave before curving, so for 800' platforms, roughly 200' of platforms would need to be built south of College Ave, and the portion of the platforms south of College Ave might need to be built to be as narrow as possible.

An alternative might be to build the northbound platform for both modes at the same elevation as the current tracks, and build the southbound platform for both modes underneath that (or vice versa); that would eliminate the need to have one mode fly over the other.

If we extend the Orange Line to Reading, and give Haverhill via Wildcat 15 minute headways to Boston, plus give Lowell trains 15 minute headways to Boston, that should provide 7.5 minute headways on the Wilmington to Boston segment.

If commuter rail upgrades to trains that can accelerate at 2.5 MPH/s, could we reasonably have all Haverhill Line via Wildcat and Lowell Line trains make stops at both Tufts/Medford and where a Route 16 Green Line station has been proposed, making Route 16 a commuter rail stop instead of a Green Line stop (building platforms next to the existing tracks is probably a lot less costly than rebuilding bridges to support quad tracking)?
 
Could we someday reconfigure the Tufts/Medford station to have commuter rail / regional rail tracks as the outer tracks, Green Line as the inner tracks, and one island platform with the northbound Green Line (discharge only) on the inside and northbound commuter rail on the outside, and the other island platform with southbound Green Line on the inside and southbound commuter rail on the outside, to enable cross platform transfers from one mode to the other for passengers continuing in the same direction?

I think that would be messy.. the commuter rail and light rail have different geometrical requirements for vertical and horizontal curvature - so I think it's better to keep the inbound and outbound tracks for each of them grouped together.
 

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