It's amusing/frustrating that pretty much every design deficiency that advocates have pointed out when a roadway is being reconstructed ends up being revised/corrected later on. (In this case, the missing 4th crosswalk.) Why can't they just do it right the first time?!
I've had my hat in both rings (transportation advocacy + transportation planning), and it's been enlightening... I want to take a crack at your question.
While I don't know the full history of work at this intersection, I can share a few likely reasons a project like an intersection improvement 'wasn't done right the first time.'
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Right Of Way (ROW): a big component of
any every transportation improvement project is ROW. Who owns what? Who has the rights to what? Who are all of the stakeholders for this proposed project, and what will it mean to make the project happen as envisioned? At an intersection like Huntington Avenue (MA Route 9) and Parker Street, ROW stakeholders (off the top of my head) range from MBTA, MassDOT, DCR, Northeastern, WIT, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Water & Sewer Company, private land owners, MWRA, National Grid, Eversource, Comcast, and potentially others. Again, this is just for ROW: entities that have property or public utilities that criss cross the intersection. Coordination with so many stakeholders with multiple different considerations and uses of the intersection that must be considered takes a long time, and thus contributes to...
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Cost: It might sound like a cliche, but project cost is a massive barrier to fully realizing every desired goal with a transportation project. Projects cannot advertise for construction until 100% of funding has been identified, and even then project bids may come in higher than their originally estimated construction costs, which means certain features may need to be trimmed from the project scope (i.e. a crosswalk, landscaping, prettier materials, etc.). Costs can increase for a slew of reasons: labor shortages, high labor cost (especially union), material shortages, high unit cost of materials...
I'm not about to make this political, but I had a great conversation with someone that didn't understand how the President's trade tariffs impacted his daily life. When the cost of foreign materials our communities depend on for transportation infrastructure have an additional tariff slapped on them, it artificially increases its unit cost. Amplify that across millions of products and parts that our local/state governments purchase for domestic infrastructure improvements, and suddenly you begin to realize how it may yield higher sticker price for a less-than-anticipated product. Another consideration for complex transportation projects is that funding may come from numerous sources. The second federal funding becomes involved, there are strings attached with how those funds can be programmed. And, conversely, there may be limitations to how they can be programmed.
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Timing: Remember all those ROW stakeholders above? Say a project is ready to be funded and constructed beginning in March 2021 at Huntington Ave and Parker St./Forsyth Way. The project is anticipated to have a 7-month construction timeline, but then the universities come in and say, "We cannot have this intersection out of commission through September. Students arrive from mid-August forward, it would be a cataclysmic disruption!" The compromise might then become, "Okay, we can complete this job in under 6 months, so a mid-August completion as not to disrupt the incoming students for fall semester. However, to accommodate the faster timeline we will need to increase on-site labor and remove something from the project scope (the eastern Huntington Avenue crosswalk)." That's a factor. A utility reconstruction project is a factor (replacing sewer, burying fiber-optic cable/powerlines, etc.). MBTA Green Line (E) work is a factor.
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Project Input: Advocacy works. Maybe not 100% of the time, but I guarantee you if you have thoughtful considerations early on in project development that have the community's best interests at heart, it is often possible those considerations can be integrated into a project (barring complications raised in three previous bullet points). You and your colleagues can dream days on end for protected bike lanes and raised crosswalks at every intersection project in Boston, but they will only ever come to fruition when you (and your colleagues) go on the record with your project input--be it written/emailed, made apparent during the appropriate design public hearing(s), or through persistent consultation with local decision-makers.
One last note I'll make to your comment, cden4, is that the community's transportation needs of today
may will be very different from its needs in the future. "Complete Streets" as a term is only a teenager, and USDOT has officially only been supporting bike/ped projects with federal aid since 2010. The proliferation of Transportation Network Companies (Uber, Lyft), bikeshare programs (BlueBikes), micro freight delivery (Amazon, UberEats, DoorDash, Instacart), electric micromobility (e-bikes, e-scooters, one-wheels), and even mainstream electric vehicles (Tesla et al)--these have all descended upon our streets in the last decade. Pause to think about that for a moment. Really.
When it comes to our built environment, I've learned it's best to make the environment itself--and the way we use it--as adaptable as possible. And accept that in time, it'll be time to go back to the drawing board once again.