Re: 1350 Boylston
The Fenway West report is better than most zoning codes because it does provide some basis for its choices. But in the end it's still just an imposed set of arbitrarily chosen numbers. For example, the 0.75 parking space min/max per unit:
Nevertheless, off-street parking for new development is necessary to ensure its financial viability, and to prevent residential streets from becoming completely overloaded with automobiles.
The very tight restrictions on off-street parking being recommended for the Fenway reflect the neighborhood’s desire to discourage car ownership, and reduce air pollution from heavy vehicular use.
Both of these are rationales, although not very specific ones. That's fine, it just doesn't explain the choice of "0.75". And that's why it fails. How were the authors of this report supposed to know the numbers for financial viability of projects in 2013? Do they have an oracle? Why is 0.75 the number which magically solves the developers' problems and the neighborhood's problems? It also precludes the idea of smart street parking reform to solve the "overloading" problem. And it precludes the idea that developers may actively seek to reduce the number of cars owned by their tenants. Just to name two.
The neighborhood worked very hard with a large group of people and organizations to write the current zoning which was consensus based. It was very clear what the neighborhood wanted and every other development project in the neighborhood has been able to follow these guidelines without compromising the quality of the design.
I'm more familiar with the process in Allston/Brighton where I've met some of the people who worked on the last revision of the zoning code. Some mean well, some don't. I can tell you that it was a small group of people relative to the size of the neighborhood. And they absolutely intended to socially engineer Allston through zoning code manipulation. It was drawn up largely based on the ideas of suburban Brighton residents, it was done back in the 1990s, and it was specifically designed to slowly destroy Allston as an urban neighborhood. And they are proud of it.
When I hear these folks talk about "the neighborhood wants" this or that, I know that what they are really saying is "we want." They don't give a damn about the actual residents of the neighborhood.
I've heard that the Fenway was more enlightened, but they are still using the same old bad tools.
IMO, zoning should be limited to the most simple, SimCity 1ish levels: RCI (Residential, Commercial, Industrial).
Nooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo....
Haha, I just need to emphasize that this is really the opposite of what I mean. The SimCity style zoning is the worst sort. I am afraid that SimCity may have had a negative impact on cities by infecting future planners with bad ideas!
The reason why it's bad is that Residential, Commercial, Industrial doesn't explain anything about itself. It's an arbitrary categorization. Why should grocery stores be separated from residential? Why should jobs be separated from residential? Why should different kinds of businesses be separated?
Well, you can think of reasons for some cases: most prominently, pollution. Other kinds of nuisances as well. But that's just it: rather than segregating uses through broad categories, instead, state exactly what it is that you are trying to accomplish.
So: "industries which emit pollution, generate noise, dangerous truck traffic, etc" would need to be kept away from homes. But businesses which do not generate pollution or nuisance, and perhaps provide a service to consumers, there's no reason to segregate them. And it's socially detrimental to do so.
"Mixed use" is the big buzzword these days but it's just general common sense. Let people live near services and jobs unless there's an overriding public safety reason.